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Overfilling is the usual cause - stick to about 2 tbsp of cheesecake filling and only 1-1.5 tsp of apple topping per cup, since the puff pastry rises a lot and pushes the filling upward. Also make sure the apple filling has been thickened with the cornstarch-water mixture and cooked the extra minute; runny apple juice will seep down and soften the base. Pressing each pastry spiral flat enough that it sits snugly in the muffin mold gives the filling a proper edge to sit behind.

Use a full-fat block-style cream cheese; the recipe calls for unsalted, and low-fat or whipped tub varieties carry more water and can make the filling loose. The sliced almonds and walnuts are interchangeable, and you can leave them off entirely without changing the bake - they are a topping, not structure. The 15 g of butter in the apple filling can be swapped for a neutral oil, though you lose a little of the buttery flavor.

A firm, tart apple holds its shape through the 3-4 minutes of cooking plus 30 minutes in the oven, while a very soft variety can turn to mush. The recipe specifies finely diced for a reason: with only 1-1.5 tsp going on each pastry, large chunks make the topping uneven and can tip off the cup. Peeling matters too, as skins tend to curl and toughen during baking.

Both fillings can be made a day ahead and refrigerated - the apple compote actually benefits from cooling, and cold cheesecake filling is easier to spoon neatly into the cups. Keep the puff pastry chilled until the moment you roll and cut it, since warm pastry smears instead of forming clean spirals. Assemble and bake shortly before serving; filled raw cups sitting around let moisture soak into the pastry base.

Because of the egg and cream cheese in the filling, store them covered in the fridge rather than at room temperature. The pastry will lose some of its crispness overnight; a few minutes in a warm oven revives it, then let them cool again before serving. Dust the powdered sugar only right before serving - on a cool pastry it stays visible, but on a warm or refrigerated one it dissolves into the surface.